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Color-based analytical assessment of microplastic contamination in surface waters from the Black Sea (Bulgaria)

(Plovdiv University Press "Paisii Hilendarski", 2026-03-14) Yancheva, Vesela; Stoyanova, Stela; Georgieva, Elenka; Valkanov, Kiril

Microplastic (MP) contamination in surface waters is a growing environmental concern; however, information on MP color and size distribution in the Black Sea remains limited. This pilot study examined surface water samples from five coastal sites along the Bulgarian Black Sea coast. The findings establish baseline data on MP color and size characteristics and underscore the need for further research into the environmental behavior and management of colored MPs.

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Contribution to the study of the free-living freshwater nematodes from Vodas River, Edessa, Greece

(Plovdiv University Press "Paisii Hilendarski", 2026-03-15) Stoichev, Stefan

Hydrobiological studies of Vodas River in Edessa, Greece were performed in 2022. The present study provides the first information on free-living freshwater nematodes from Voda River in Edessa, Greece. In our study, we identified 7 species of freshwater free-living nematodes belonging to 6 genera. This is the first detailed study on free-living freshwater nematodes from the Vodas River in Edessa, Greece. The 3 species (marked by +) and 2 genera (marked by *) are new to the hydrofauna of Greece.

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A contribution to the knowledge of the sexual size dimorphism of the narrow-clawed crayfish (Pontastacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823) from Bulgaria

(Plovdiv University Press "Paisii Hilendarski", 2026-03-16) Mollov, Ivelin

This study examines the sexual size dimorphism in 20 adult Pontastacus leptodactylus from “Kardzhali” Dam Lake, Bulgaria, via 15 morphometric traits. MannWhitney U-tests reveal significant differences in 19 parameters: males exhibit larger carapaces and chelae (e.g., chela length SDI 42.5%), while females have wider abdomens and telsons, aligning with previous studies. The results contribute to the data on phenotypic plasticity and conservation needs, considering the scarce regional data. The present study could provide additional information for future studies and management plans.

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IS THE PROCEEDINGS IN THE CASE SUBJECT TO SUSPENSION DUE TO A PRELIMINARY (PREJUDICIAL) REFERENCE MADE BY ANOTHER COURT PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 628 ET SEQ. OF THE CIVIL PROCEDURE CODE?

(Plovdiv University Press, 2026-01-14) Parparova, Diyana

The present work examines a frequently encountered hypothesis, namely whether proceedings are subject to suspension where a preliminary reference has been made to the Court of Justice of the European Union by another national court, which would be determinative for the outcome of the case. The paper analyses divergent judicial practice regarding whether the court is obliged to stay the proceedings and on what legal basis such a stay may be ordered, while also presenting certain considerations of the author. The possibility of appealing the judicial act by which the court orders the suspension of the proceedings in the examined hypothesis is also discussed. A proposal is made for amending the relevant legal provision with a view to ensuring uniformity in judicial practice.

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IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CHARTER OF FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS OF THE EUROPEAN UNION BY MEMBER STATES

(Plovdiv University Press, 2026-01-14) Valcheva, Alexandra

The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU is the act through which the supranational European organization sui generis has completed its legal system for the protection of fundamental human rights and freedoms. The exceptional importance of this European document has been recognized in the doctrine and in the judicial practice, in which for decades a number of scholars and judges have analyzed its content. The effective protection of the fundamental rights, freedoms and principles enshrined in the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU could only be achieved if it is correctly interpreted and applied by the European institutions and bodies, and especially by the Member States. Some of the latter, however, do not so strictly observe the rule of application of HOPES only in those cases in which they apply the law of the Union, proclaimed in Article 51, paragraph 1 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU. Therefore, the national authorities entrusted with the implementation of the European act should continuously increase their knowledge of its legal characteristics and peculiarities, especially of its field of application, which will be the subject of the present analysis.