Verba iuvenium
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ISSN 2682-9460
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Item A FEW NOTES ON THE GENRE MODELS WITHIN THE CONFINES OF “THE GREAT TESTAMENT” BY FRANÇOIS VILLON(Plovdiv University Press, 2025-05-17) Vasilev, YoanFrançois Villon is a well-known poet from the Late Middle Ages and is often labeled as a forerunner of The Cursed Poets. His life is filled with wandering, crimes, stays in dungeons but also with residence in aristocratic courts. The current study examines The Great Testament by François Villon and its objective is to shed light on the different genre variations in the confines of Villon’s text. Firstly a short overview of the different receptions of medieval authors’ activity is made. Afterwards the study shifts its course towards unraveling the more prominent genres such as testament and ballad and the smaller ones such as legend, epitaph, advice etc. The text makes an effort to proof that the ostensible chaos which is consisted of different genres is a means for The Great Testament by Villon to acquire the characteristics of a monolithic and syncretic creation in which each miniscule form has its own particular place.Item ABOUT SIMILES WITH TERTIUM COMPARATIONIS SMART/STUPID IN BULGARIAN (IN COMPARISON WITH MODERN GREEK)(Plovdiv University Press, 2025-05-16) Nikolova, Gergana; Николова, ГерганаThe present study researches similes, in which the antonym pair smart, clever/stupid plays the role of tertium comparationis. The study adopts a comparative approach, focusing on Bulgarian as the source language and seeking equivalent units in Modern Greek. Stable comparisons are built using the X as Y construction, and often the right side of the comparative constructions is polycomponent. Such units express primarily a pejorative evaluative attitude, which is anthropocentrically oriented – a significant predominance of excerpted comparisons with the component stupid is noted. There are fewer comparative constructions that include the quality of smart/clever as the tertium comparationis. Similes are interesting and significant from both a linguistic and a folkpsychological perspective.Item ADAPTATION OF BIASPECTUAL VERBS ENDING IN -IRAM/-IZIRAM TO THE BULGARIAN VERB INFLECTION(Plovdiv University Press, 2024-05-17) Mihaylov, PatrickThe object of the present study is the process of adaptation of verbs of foreign origin into the Bulgarian language, with a focus on those ending in -iram or its extended variant -iziram, and their integration into the established paradigms of verb conjugation. These verbs are categorized as biaspectual, indicating that their aspectual form is variable and contingent upon the context of the sentence. As biaspectual verbs are an occurrence specific to the Slavic languages, the purpose of the current study is to analyze problems and inconsistencies within the process of adapting such verbs to the verb inflection of the Bulgarian language.Item ADAPTATION OF NEOLOGISMS TO THE BULGARIAN WORD FORMATION. NAMES OF FOODS(Plovdiv University Press, 2024-05-17) Marinov, StefanNew words (also called neologisms) enter the Bulgarian language under the influence of two processes: internationalization and nationalization. The first is expressed in increasing the international vocabulary, and the second – in preserving the specifics of the language (domestication). It is the second one that is of interest for this research – how new words enter the Bulgarian language and by “how” we mean their adaptation to the already established linguistic paradigms. The study is narrowed down to the sphere in which informal speech usually prevails, because that is where we expect the most linguistic innovation – the home-related sphere and more specifically the names of foods that are used in it. The study was performed by monitoring 10 selected words in the following three sources: the Bulgarian PoS Annotated Corpus, Bulgarian National Reference Corpus (BNRC), and Google.Item ADJECTIVIZATION LEVELS OF THE PRESENT ACTIVE PARTICIPLE IN CONTEMPORARY BULGARIAN(Plovdiv University Press, 2024-05-17) Radilov, SamuilThe study focuses on the adjectivization of present active participles in contemporary Bulgarian language, highlighting, firstly, the differences of the phenomenon with respect to the adjectivization of other participles and, secondly, the non-uniformity of the process conditioned by the specifics of the present active participle. The latter is evidenced by several Bulgarian dictionaries which appear to be key to the study insofar as the observation of the lexicographical material included substantiates the theses put forward. Particular attention is paid to the perspectives in the development of adjectivization as a process rivaling the tendency towards semi-predicative use of participles.Item ADVERBS OF TIME AND PLACE IN CONTEMPORARY BULGARIAN AND TURKISH LANGUAGES(Plovdiv University Press, 2025-05-16) Nurula, Ismail; Нурула, ИсмаилThe present study undertakes a comparative analysis of adverbs of time and place in contemporary Bulgarian and Turkish. Adverbs are words that modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs. Bulgarian and Turkish have similar adverbial structures for time, often using the same root words. The primary focus of this study is to examine the formation patterns, usage, and translation of these adverbs. The analysis pays particular attention to identifying both the parallels and divergences between the two languages.Item ANALYTIC IMPERATIVE FORMS IN MODERN BULGARIAN AND THEIR FUNCTIONAL ANALOGUES IN ENGLISH(Plovdiv University Press, 2024-05-17) Petrova, DenitsaThe current study focuses on the analytic imperative forms in Modern Bulgarian and their functional analogues in Modern English. The main reason for choosing this topic is related to the variety of imperative forms and constructions and the different ways in which analytic imperative forms in Bulgarian are translated into English. Based on a comparative analysis between the two languages, it is concluded that the paradigm of the analytic imperative in Modern Bulgarian is considerably richer in formal attitude compared to the paradigm of the imperative in Modern English.Item ASPECTS OF THE PATHOLOGY IN BLAGA DIMITROVA’S NOVEL “FACE“(Plovdiv University Press, 2025-05-16) Boneva, Bozhana; Бонева, БожанаThe purpose of this paper is to examine Blaga Dimitrova's novel „Face“ through the illness as a metaphor. An attempt is made to discover and analyze the pathological and its functions: both in the individual – mainly through the main female figure Bora Naydenova, who is simultaneously a "patient" and a "diagnostician" in the novel, as well as in society, which actually appears to be the subject of Naydenova's sociological survey. The only healthy organism that has preserved its „humanity“ turns out to be Bora’s indoor ficus which is able to influence the characters psycho-emotionally, guiding them to their healing. The novel is documentary when it comes to the fact that it creates a „medical report“ of the Bulgarian society from the end of the 1950s. Highly stylized, „Face“ is the kind of a diagnosis that instills fear into those in power, whose reluctance to admit the pathology of their own actions results in the banning of the novel.Item AUTOTEXTUAL LEITMOTIFS: THOMAS MANN(Plovdiv University Press, 2025-05-16) Georgiev, Ivan; Георгиев, ИванIn the article, Radosvet Kolarov's notion of autotextuality and the notion of leitmotif, shared between music and literature, meet in a peculiar creative mechanism, called autotextual leitmotif technique. At the same time, Radosvet Kolarov and Thomas Mann are ideologically aligned in a particular way on the question of the unity that the individual works of an author achieve in his oeuvre. The main aim of the paper is to provide various examples of the motivic nucleus that “Death in Venice”, “The Magic Mountain” and “Doctor Faustus” share among each other.Item BEGINNINGS AND BIRTHS THROUGH DEATH: A HEIDEGGERIAN READING OF THE CHILD’S CONSCIOUSNESS OF TIME IN CHARLES DICKENS’S DAVID COPPERFIELD(Plovdiv University Press, 2025-05-16) Yasenova, KristinaThe following text aims to offer a reading of Charles Dickens’s novel David Copperfield (1850) through the paradigm of thinking outlined by the German philosopher Martin Heidegger (1889-1976) in his key work Being and Time (1927). Such an interpretation is mindful of certain signs indicating a possible phenomenology of the child’s consciousness. The stress shall be laid upon the child’s conception of time as presented in the novel viz. under two conditions within which it becomes activated – autobiographical and fairy tale elements.Item BULGARIAN ITERATIVE VERBS AND THEIR ANALOGUES IN MODERN POLISH(Plovdiv University Press, 2025-05-16) Boshulski, Kristiyan; Бошулски, КристиянIn this study, we first explain how iterative verbs are used in general, and then more specifically in two Slavic languages – Bulgarian and Polish. The main aim of the study is to determine whether iterative verbs are always equivalent in both languages, or if there are cases when we use iterative verbs in one language but in the other they have to be translated differently due to the absence of an analogue in one of the languages. The conclusion can be deduced through a comparative analysis of the work of various translators and their interpretation of the source text.Item DEATH AND EROTISM IN THE SHORT STORY “THE CRIMSON CURTAIN” BY D'AUREVILLY(Plovdiv University Press, 2024-05-17) Nikolova, SilviaThe current paper aims to make an analysis of the death-erotism line in the short story “The Crimson Curtain” by Barbey d'Aurevilly, which is situated in two perspectives. Firstly, in the figure of the main character, Miss Albertine, passing successively from an intense state of “la petite mort” (or “little death”) to the fatal freezing of actual death. From that moment on, the Vicomte de Brassard is the perpetrator, not of an act of love, but of excess. The second aspect is marked with the sign of necrophilia. The “demonic tendency” (about which Baudelaire speaks) in the art of the 19th century is kept: the leitmotif of the diabolical, however, is manifested in a markedly ambiguous way – the text remains silent too much, and what it does say is filtered through the aesthetics of dandyism.Item DEPENDENT CLAUSES IN THE POSITION OF THE PREDICATIVE – SPECIFICS AND CLASSIFICATION(Plovdiv University Press, 2025-05-16) Kuneva, Ivana; Кунева, ИванаThe object of the current study are the dependent clauses in the position of the predicative, which are part of the paradigm of dependent clauses. They fall into the empty syntactic position of the predicative complement or predicative, filling it and performing its functions. The paper presents and explains the various points of view regarding the place of dependent clauses in the position of the predicative in the paradigm of dependent clauses. Furthermore, it clarifies the semantical role of the predicates in the main clause by classifying the dependent clauses which fill the position of the predicative complement.Item DESEMANTIZATION THE AESTHETICS OF DECADENCE IN “THE CRIMSON BOOK OF BLUSHING“ BY LYUBOMIR MILCHEV(Plovdiv University Press, 2025-05-16) Nikolova, Silvia; Николова, СилвияThe current paper aims to explore Lyubomir Milchev's “The Crimson Book of Blushingˮ (2018) through the possibility of approaching and pushing away from the models of decadent aesthetics, represented through the exemplary figure of Huysmans's Des Esseintes. The kinship of Dandy with decadence is constructed by virtue of the postmodern game, which relativize the order of existence. The use of Christian religious discourse and the rethinking of the modernistic solitude are key conceptual points.Item DISPLAYS OF BLENDING IN YOUTH SLANG(Plovdiv University Press, 2025-05-16) Todorova, Tanya; Тодорова, ТаняThis paper examines the scope of the blending process in youth slang. The occasionalisms created through blending fall into three word-formation subtypes, the formal characteristics of which are explored in this study. The results of an analysis of lexical blends obtained from the open-access platform BG Jargon indicate that telescopic contamination is the most prevalent. The study of the formal and semantic aspects of this phenomenon contributes to its deeper understanding and provides valuable insights into the particular units which are more likely to be lexicalized.Item DOUBLET PERSONAL ACCUSATIVE AND DATIVE PRONOUN FORMS MEN AND MENE, TEB AND TEBE ACCORDING TO LINGUISTIC SENSE OF MODERN BULGARIANS(Plovdiv University Press, 2025-05-16) Sholeva, Kalina; Шолева, КалинаThis paper investigates the use of doublet full pronouns men and mene (1st person singular accusative/dative) and teb and tebe (2nd person singular accusative/dative). It aims to determine how the preferences of contemporary Bulgarian speakers are influenced by the context of communication, whether formal or informal. The hypothesis suggests that the shortened forms (men and teb) are predominantly used in official settings, while the longer forms (mene and tebe) are preferred in informal situations. The study employed an anonymous online survey to assess participants' choices between the two forms across various contexts. Results indicate that preferences are context-dependent: short forms align with literary language, while long forms convey informality. Additionally, the usage of long forms increases in emotionally charged or negative statements. A qualitative analysis of responses highlights the need for further exploration of factors affecting pronoun selection, including euphony, intonation, and pronoun positioning.Item EARLY ATTEMPTS AT CODIFICATION OF THE ORTHOGRAPHIC NORM OF THE BULGARIAN LITERARY LANGUAGE (WITH REGARD TO REDUCTION)(Plovdiv University Press, 2025-05-16) Koleva, Plamena; Колева, ПламенаThis text presents a concise overview of the early Renaissance grammars from the 19th century and codification efforts within these grammars concerning the pronunciation norms of the Bulgarian literary language, with a focus on the strong reduction. The quotations included herein represent the positions of the authors. Excerpted examples are provided to demonstrate the graphic representation of reduction, or the lack of it.Item FALSE ANGLICISMS IN BULGARIAN YOUTH SLANG(Plovdiv University Press, 2024-05-17) Todorova, TanyaThe aim of this paper is to analyze the formal and semantic aspects of false anglicisms used among Bulgarian youth employing Cristiano Furiassi's approach to pseudo-borrowings. The examination of the acquired data leads to the statement that five categories of pseudo-borrowing from English are represented in Bulgarian slang: autonomous derivatives, compound ellipses, clippings, semantic shifts and generic trademarks. Furthermore, the study focuses on the properties of blends built out of English and Bulgarian source words. The empirical data is excerpted from the open access slang dictionary BG jargon.Item FRANKENSTEIN – SHELLEY’S CAT(Plovdiv University Press, 2025-05-16) Kolev, Milen; Колев, МиленThe article examines the Frankenstein theme as an issue of categorizing the monster from Mary Shelley's novel. It emphasizes that the attempts to definitively classify the monster as either a type of artificial intelligence or an automaton are not only unsuccessful but fundamentally flawed, as something always remains beyond the imposed boundaries. This leads to the conclusion that the problem lies not in the creature itself but in the attempt to categorize it. The article raises the question of the monster’s true nature and introduces the idea of Frankenstein – Shelley’s cat, comparing the creature to Schrödinger’s experiment.Item HOW AI COULD TRANSFORM MEDICAL ENGLISH LINGUISTICS: BIOMEDICAL TEXT TOKENIZATION OF THE DISEASE IS ENEMY METAPHOR WITH BioBERT(Plovdiv University Press, 2025-05-16) Goranova, SlaveyahThe development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming many aspects of our lives. In the present paper, as part of the emerging theories for AI application in healthcare and medical sciences, we suggest that AI can be applied to the study of medical metaphors. In particular, we examine the possibility of biomedical text tokenization using BioBERT of the DISEASE is ENEMY metaphor. The present research is an initial stage of a much larger research in the context of the Conceptual Metaphor Theory and Discourse Analysis as applied to war metaphors in medical discourse.